Peculiarities of determining the morphogenesis of plants <i>Corylus avellana</i> L. and <i>Prunus dulcis</i> (Mill.) D.A.Webb <i>in vitro</i> culture

ABSTRACT The purpose of the research was to identify physiological–biochemical and anatomical–morphological peculiarities found during in vitro cultivation Corylus avellana L. Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D.A.Webb, which occur as a result action trophic phytohormonal determinants. conducted on three hazelnut varieties (Trapezund, Jefferson, Tonda Gentile Romana) four almond (E5 Borozan, M41 Alex, Georgia, Louise). A theoretical experimental rationale for their use microclonal propagation these cultures has been developed. effectiveness preparatory stage before introduction into aseptic conditions growing mother plants closed soil with scattered artificial lighting microbiological protection proven. This reduced self-intoxication by oxidation products phenol-like substances microflora contamination primary explants. Among nutrient media compared, best Nas Read (NRM) hazelnuts Almond Medium (NAM) almonds. Passaging same leads decrease regeneration indicators. In regenerants almonds, rosette shoots noted, hazelnuts, death apical buds also found. To prevent this, alternating NRM driver kuniyuki walnut (DKW) NAM Quirin Lepoivre (QL) almonds effective. Long-term high content synthetic analogues phytohormones accumulation phytotoxic effects each subsequent passage. effect cytokinins manifested hyperhydration auxins callus fertilisation. On comparing ontogenesis from explants isolated aged 30–180 days, it that optimal age 90 days. reset hormonal determinants, explant donors state dormancy successfully used. At final fourth propagation, order adapt simultaneously an increase number regenerants, is effective photoautotrophic method intensive air enriched carbon dioxide. For transition conventional heterotrophic autotrophic cultivation, intermediate pre-adaptation wet chamber